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Post by taylors on Jun 12, 2014 14:41:46 GMT
Tsylor S commenting on Austin M:
4. yes you have plenty of detail and evidence included in your paper because I learned some new things about the changes I the stick. 5. The essay is unique and interesting because the hockey stick did evolve into different types of sticks and I liked to read about it.
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Post by destinymarie on Jun 12, 2014 19:15:19 GMT
Destiny's paper:
The Evolution of Insane Asylums
The views of asylum life has changed drastically over the course of the 19th to 21St century. The growth of the number of mad houses during the years is quite extraordinary. By 1810, only a few states had insane asylums, but by 1850, most of the Northeastern and Midwestern states supported having asylums. The conditions starting out were dreadful, but with the right training and proper guidance, the asylums were able to evolve into houses, or hospitals to cure and help the mad. By'-1890, every state built one or more publicly supported mental hospitals. All hospitals expanded in size as the country's population increased. February 5, 1963, president John F. Kennedy addressed congress on "Mental Illness and Mental Retardation. JFK proposed a new program under which the federal government would fund community mental-health centers, or CMHC's, to take the place of state mental hospitals. "As Kennedy envisioned it, ;reliance on the cold mercy of custodial isolations will be supplanted by the open warmth of community concern and capability." ("Torrey B. Fuller") The following 17 years, feds funded 789 CM}IC's with a total of $2.7 billion. During those years, the number of patients in state mental hospitals fell by three quarters, from 504,604 to 132,164, and those beds were closed down.
Lennie dimly understands what is wrong in "Of Mice and Men." Which is why he wants rabbits, because they aren't that little. If he pinches their heads) they will still survive. But, he is still pinching their heads, he's torturing animals that he's supposed to be taking care of. In mental institutions during their time period, Lennie would be considered a "violent" patient. The workers would isolate him, or put him in a room with a patient not nearly as violent as him. The hospitals would mix all the patients together, instead of categorizing them by their illness. Which would then endanger the safety of other patients. (The mentally ill were generally cared for by family members in early American communities. But, in severe cases sometimes they ended up in almshouses, a house built originally by a charitable person or organization for poor people to live in, or jails. Mental illness was generally thought to be caused by a moral or spiritual failing. ; Benjamin Rush believed that mental diseases were caused by irritation of the blood C
vessels in the brain. His treatment methods include bleeding, purging, hot and cold baths, and mercury. Rush invented a tranquilizer chair, and gyrator for psychiatric patients. Punishment and shame was handed down to the mentally ill and often times their families as well. December 1947, members of the Unitarian Conference Committee visited every state hospital. They found that the institutions suffered from decades of neglect, restraints were chosen over treatment, residents were not clothes or bathes, food was not nearly healthy enough to eat, and overcrowding was so extreme that there weren't even enough chairs. The early superintendents dhe size o the asylum to 250 beds so each patient would be known. By 1866, the number of beds was raised to 600. Many patients proved to be in need of continuous care. Some European countries placed long-stay patients in separate chronic hospitals which cost less to operate. Geri Joseph, published a ten-part report on the inexcusable conditions in state mental institutions. Her finding, which were described in her report included: extreme overcrowding, poor sanitary conditions, inedible food, over dependence on restraints, and understaffing. In some institutions residents were forced to sleep in single beds, and the only way to get out was the climb over the footboard, due to the amount of people. Geri then compared the residence's living area to that of a pig sty. She noted residents of the institution were not bathe4 OU
frequently, and did not have a heating or air conditioner, unlike that of the pig sty, A
superintendent of a state institution stated, 'The custody we give isn't as good as a state prison."Despite the dramatic shift in care from hospital to community, hospitalization for psychiatric conditions remains a big component of mental health care today. The first decade of the 21st century, inpatient treatment is provided in care settings in the private sector, which includes general and private psychiatric hospitals. The location of current psychiatric hospital treatment is in marked contrast with that of the first half of the 20th century, when most care was provided in public state and county hospitals and for extended lengths of time. The past 20 years, bed declines have occurred. What has emerged today is evidence of psychiatric bed shortages, overuse of emergency departments, and falls in the funding of community based services. This led to a public health crisis for mentally ill who have become homeless, or were indicted into jails. There have been some positive developments in patient care and living conditions. The treatment has now become highly specific, and categorizes by diagnosis or age group. There has been better services in continuum care, and the emphasis on patients who need individual care rather than not enough attention Families have been better involved in decision making for the patients. The use of restraints was reduces, and hospitals are held more accountable for these practices. The goals of care revolve around stabilizing the crisis that led to admission. Instead of making quick diagnosis's they re- diagnose and check over and over. Then they figure out what the proper treatment would be. Women are housed with women, and men with men, unlike before when the genders were mixed. Violent patients are housed in their own bed, in order to ensure the safety of others. Insane asylums have evolved into something spectacular today, with the best treatments. The proper steps were taken by workers, to be properly trained to keep the safety of patients in tact. Mad houses are still very much a part of our society today, as well as the 19th century. Conditions ending out have changed drastically for the better and well being of the mentally ill. Mental illness is something no one can escape.
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